General Binomial Expansion (Edexcel A Level Maths: Pure): Exam Questions

4 hours49 questions
1
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2 marks

Find, in ascending powers of x, the binomial expansion of

         open parentheses 1 minus x close parentheses to the power of negative 1 end exponent

up to and including the term in x squared.

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2a
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2 marks

Find the first three terms, in ascending powers of x, in the binomial expansion of

        left parenthesis 1 plus x right parenthesis to the power of negative 2 end exponent

2b
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1 mark

State the values of x for which your expansion in part (a) is valid.

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3a
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2 marks

Show that

         square root of 4 minus 4 x end root equals 2 left parenthesis 1 minus x right parenthesis to the power of 1 half end exponent

3b
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2 marks

Hence find, in ascending powers of x, the first three terms in the binomial expansion of

      square root of 4 minus 4 x end root

3c
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2 marks

Using x equals 0.02, use your expansion from part (b) to find an approximation to  2 square root of 0.98 end root.

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4
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4 marks

Find, in ascending powers of x, the binomial expansion of

        left parenthesis 1 plus 2 x right parenthesis to the power of negative 1 half end exponent

up to and including the term in x cubed.

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5a
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4 marks

Find the first three terms, in ascending powers of x, in the binomial expansion of

      left parenthesis 1 minus 1 half x right parenthesis to the power of 1 third end exponent

5b
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1 mark

State the values of x for which your expansion in part (a) is valid.

 

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6
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2 marks

Find the coefficient of the term in x squared in the binomial expansion of

        left parenthesis 1 minus 3 x right parenthesis to the power of negative 3 end exponent

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7
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2 marks

The function straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis is given by

           straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals left parenthesis 1 minus p x right parenthesis to the power of negative 4 end exponent

where p is an integer.

Find the coefficient of the term in x cubed in the binomial expansion of  straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis, in terms of p.

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8a
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3 marks

Given that x is small such that x cubed and higher powers of x can be ignored show that

            left parenthesis 1 minus 1 third x right parenthesis to the power of blank to the power of negative 2 end exponent end exponent almost equal to 1 plus 2 over 3 x plus 1 third x squared

8b
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2 marks

Using a suitable value of x in the result from part (a), find an approximation for the value of left parenthesis 0.94 right parenthesis to the power of negative 2 end exponent.

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9
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5 marks

It is given that

               straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals square root of 1 plus a x end root space space space a n d space space space g left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals cube root of 1 minus a x end root

where a is a non-zero constant.

In their binomial expansions, the coefficient of the x squared term for straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis is equal to the coefficient of the x term for g left parenthesis x right parenthesis.

Find the value of a.

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10a
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3 marks

Show, as partial fractions, that

         fraction numerator 5 minus x over denominator open parentheses 1 plus x close parentheses open parentheses 1 minus x close parentheses end fraction identical to fraction numerator 3 over denominator 1 plus x end fraction plus fraction numerator 2 over denominator 1 minus x end fraction

10b
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4 marks

Find the first three terms, in ascending powers of x, of the binomial expansion of

(i)  3 left parenthesis 1 plus x right parenthesis to the power of negative 1 end exponent comma

(ii) 2 left parenthesis 1 minus x right parenthesis to the power of negative 1 end exponent

10c
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2 marks

Hence show that the first three terms, in ascending powers of x, in the binomial expansion of

            fraction numerator 5 minus x over denominator open parentheses 1 plus x close parentheses open parentheses 1 minus x close parentheses end fraction

are

               5 minus x plus 5 x squared

10d
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1 mark

Write down the values of x for which this expansion converges.

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1a
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3 marks

Find the first four terms, in ascending powers of x, of the binomial expansion of

open parentheses 1 plus 8 x close parentheses to the power of 1 half end exponent

giving each term in simplest form.

1b2 marks

Explain how you could use x equals 1 over 32 in the expansion to find an approximation for square root of 5.

There is no need to carry out the calculation.

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2a
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4 marks

Find the first three terms, in ascending powers of x, of the binomial expansion of

fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 4 minus x end root end fraction

giving each coefficient in its simplest form.

2b2 marks

The expansion can be used to find an approximation to square root of 2

Possible values of x that could be substituted into this expansion are

  • x equals negative 14 because fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 4 minus x end root end fraction equals fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 18 end fraction equals fraction numerator square root of 2 over denominator 6 end fraction

  • x equals 2 because fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 4 minus x end root end fraction equals fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 2 end fraction equals fraction numerator square root of 2 over denominator 2 end fraction

  • x equals negative 1 half because fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 4 minus x end root end fraction equals fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 9 over 2 end root end fraction equals fraction numerator square root of 2 over denominator 3 end fraction

Without evaluating your expansion,

(i) state, giving a reason, which of the three values of x should not be used

(ii) state, giving a reason, which of the three values of x would lead to the most accurate approximation to square root of 2

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3
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2 marks

Find, in ascending powers of x, the binomial expansion of

         1 over open parentheses 1 minus x close parentheses squared

up to and including the term in x cubed.

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4a
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2 marks

Find the first three terms, in ascending powers of x, in the binomial expansion of

               square root of 1 plus 2 x end root 

4b
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1 mark

State the values of x for which your expansion in part (a) is valid.

4c
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1 mark

Using a suitable value of x, use your expansion from part (a) to estimate square root of 1.06 end root, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.

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5
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3 marks

Find, in ascending powers of x, the binomial expansion of

            begin mathsize 22px style begin inline style 1 over open parentheses 4 plus 8 x close parentheses squared end style end style

up to and including the term in x cubed.

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6a
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3 marks

Use the binomial expansion to show that the first three terms in the expansion of  left parenthesis 1 plus 2 x right parenthesis to the power of negative 3 end exponent are  1 minus 6 x plus 24 x squared.

6b
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2 marks

Hence, or otherwise, find the expansion of  left parenthesis 1 plus x right parenthesis left parenthesis 1 plus 2 x right parenthesis to the power of negative 3 end exponent up to and including the term in x squared.

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7a
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2 marks

The function straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis is given by

            f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals square root of 4 minus s x end root

where s is an integer.

(i) Find the coefficient of the term in x in the binomial expansion of  straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis, in terms of s.

(ii) Find the coefficient of the term in x squared in the binomial expansion of  straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis, in terms of s.

 

7b
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2 marks

In the binomial expansion of straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis comma space the coefficient of the term in x is equal to the coefficient of the term in x squared.
Find the value of s.

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8a
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3 marks

The functions straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis and g left parenthesis x right parenthesis are given as follows

         f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals open parentheses 1 minus 1 half x close parentheses to the power of 1 half end exponent space space space space space space space space g left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals left parenthesis 2 plus x right parenthesis to the power of negative 2 end exponent

(i) Expand straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis, in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x squared.

(ii) Find the values for x for which the expansion is valid.

8b
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3 marks

(i) Expand g left parenthesis x right parenthesis comma in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x squared.

(ii) Find the values for x for which the expansion is valid.

8c
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2 marks

(i) Find the expansion of fraction numerator square root of 1 minus 1 half x end root over denominator open parentheses 2 plus x close parentheses squared end fraction in ascending powers of x, up to and including the term in x squared.

(ii) Find the values for x for which the expansion is valid.

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9
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3 marks

In the expansion of  open parentheses 1 minus begin inline style 1 fourth end style x close parentheses to the power of n, where n is a negative integer, the coefficient of the term in x squared is begin inline style 3 over 8 end style.

Find the value of n.

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10a
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3 marks

Express fraction numerator 2 over denominator open parentheses 1 minus x close parentheses open parentheses 1 plus x close parentheses end fraction  in partial fractions.

10b
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2 marks

Use the binomial expansion to find the first three terms, in ascending powers of x, in each of  open parentheses 1 minus x close parentheses to the power of negative 1 end exponent and open parentheses 1 plus x close parentheses to the power of negative 1 end exponent

10c
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2 marks

Hence show that fraction numerator 2 over denominator open parentheses 1 minus x close parentheses open parentheses 1 plus x close parentheses end fraction almost equal to 2 plus 2 x squared

10d
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1 mark

Write down the values of x for which your expansion in part (c) converges.

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11a
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3 marks

Given that x is small such that x cubed and higher powers of x can be ignored show that

        open parentheses 1 minus 1 third x close parentheses to the power of negative 1 end exponent space open parentheses 2 minus x close parentheses to the power of negative 2 end exponent space almost equal to 1 fourth plus 1 third x plus 43 over 144 x squared

11b
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2 marks

For which values of x is the approximation in part (a) valid?

11c
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3 marks

(i) Use your calculator to find the exact fraction of open parentheses 1 minus 1 third x close parentheses to the power of negative 1 end exponent open parentheses 2 minus x close parentheses to the power of negative 2 end exponent  when x equals 0.5

(ii) Use your calculator to find the fraction from the approximation begin inline style 1 fourth end style plus begin inline style 1 third end style x plus begin inline style 43 over 144 end style x squared when x equals 0.5

(iii) Find the percentage error in the approximation, giving your answer to two decimal places.

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12
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3 marks

 It is given that

            f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals square root of 9 plus p x end root      and       g left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals fourth root of 16 plus p x end root

                                  

In their binomial expansions, the coefficient of the x squared term for straight f open parentheses x close parentheses is equal to the coefficient of the x term for g left parenthesis x right parenthesis.

Find the value of p.

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13a
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2 marks

Express fraction numerator 12 minus x over denominator open parentheses x plus 2 close parentheses open parentheses 3 minus x close parentheses end fraction  in partial fractions.

13b
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3 marks

Using binomial expansions, up to and including terms in x squared show that
fraction numerator 12 minus x over denominator open parentheses x plus 2 close parentheses open parentheses 3 minus x close parentheses end fraction almost equal to 2 minus 1 half x plus 5 over 12 x squared

13c
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2 marks

Explain why the approximation in part (b) is only valid for space vertical line x vertical line less than 2.

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1a
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4 marks

Find the first four terms, in ascending powers of x, of the binomial expansion of

square root of 4 minus 9 x end root

writing each term in simplest form.

1b1 mark

A student uses this expansion with x equals 1 over 9 to find an approximation for square root of 3

Using the answer to part (a) and without doing any calculations, state whether this approximation will be an overestimate or an underestimate of square root of 3 giving a brief reason for your answer.

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2a4 marks

In this question you must show all stages of your working.

Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.

Find the first three terms, in ascending powers of x, of the binomial expansion of

open parentheses 3 plus x close parentheses to the power of negative 2 end exponent

writing each term in simplest form.

2b
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4 marks

Using the answer to part (a) and using algebraic integration, estimate the value of

integral subscript 0.2 end subscript superscript 0.4 end superscript fraction numerator 6 x over denominator open parentheses 3 plus x close parentheses squared end fraction space d x

giving your answer to 4 significant figures.

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3
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2 marks

Find, in ascending powers of x, the binomial expansion of

            1 over open parentheses 1 minus 2 x close parentheses cubed

up to and including the term in x cubed.

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4a
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3 marks

Use the first three terms, in ascending powers of x in the binomial expansion of

              open parentheses 1 plus 4 x close parentheses to the power of begin inline style 1 third end style end exponent                

to estimate the value of cube root of 1.2 end root, giving your answer to three significant figures.

4b
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1 mark

Explain why your approximation in part (a) is valid.

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5
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4 marks

Find, in ascending powers of x, the binomial expansion of

         1 over open parentheses 4 plus x close parentheses cubed

up to and including the term in x cubed.

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6a
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2 marks

Use the binomial expansion to expand open parentheses 1 minus begin inline style 1 half end style x close parentheses to the power of begin inline style 1 third end style end exponent  up to and including the term in x to the power of 2. end exponent

6b
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2 marks

Hence, or otherwise, expand  open parentheses 1 minus x close parentheses open parentheses 1 minus 1 half x close parentheses to the power of 1 third end exponent up to and including the term in x squared.

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7
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3 marks

In the expansion of  1 over open parentheses 3 plus p x close parentheses cubed  the coefficient of the term in x squared is double the coefficient of the term in x cubed.  Find the value of  p.

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8a
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2 marks

The functions straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis and  straight g left parenthesis x right parenthesis are given as follows

               straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals open parentheses 4 plus 3 x close parentheses to the power of 1 half end exponent space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space straight g left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals open parentheses 9 minus 2 x close parentheses to the power of negative 1 half end exponent

Expand straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis, in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x squared.

8b
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2 marks

Expand straight g open parentheses x close parentheses, in ascending powers of x up to and including the term in x squared.

8c
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2 marks

Find the expansion of square root of fraction numerator 4 plus 3 x over denominator 9 minus 2 x end fraction end root  in ascending powers of x, up to and including the term in x squared.

8d
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2 marks

Find the values of x for which your expansion in part (c) is valid.

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9
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3 marks

In the expansion of  begin mathsize 20px style open parentheses 1 minus begin inline style 4 over 3 end style x close parentheses to the power of n end style , where n is a real number, the coefficient of the term in x squared is begin mathsize 20px style begin inline style negative 16 over 81 end style end style.

Find the possible values of n.

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10a
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3 marks

Express fraction numerator 4 plus 5 x minus x squared over denominator open parentheses 1 minus x close parentheses open parentheses 1 plus x close parentheses squared end fraction  in partial fractions.

10b
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3 marks

Use the binomial expansion to find the first three terms, in ascending powers of x, in each of open parentheses 1 minus x close parentheses to the power of negative 1 end exponent, open parentheses 1 plus x close parentheses to the power of negative 1 end exponent, and open parentheses 1 plus x close parentheses to the power of negative 2 end exponent.

10c
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2 marks

Hence express  fraction numerator 4 plus 5 x minus x squared over denominator open parentheses 1 minus x close parentheses open parentheses 1 plus x close parentheses squared end fraction as the first three terms of a binomial expansion in ascending powers of  x.

10d
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1 mark

Write down the values of x for which your expansion in part (c) converges.

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11a
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3 marks

Given that x is small such that x cubed and higher powers of x can be ignored show that

         left parenthesis 2 plus 3 x right parenthesis to the power of negative 1 end exponent left parenthesis 3 minus 2 x right parenthesis to the power of negative 2 end exponent almost equal to 1 over 18 minus 1 over 108 x plus 19 over 216 x squared

11b
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3 marks

Find the percentage error between your calculator answer and the approximation in part (a) when x equals 0.1, giving your answer to one decimal place.

11c
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2 marks

For which values of x is the approximation in part (a) valid?

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12a
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3 marks

In the binomial expansion of  square root of 4 plus begin inline style p over q end style x end root   where p less than 0 less than q, the coefficient of the x squared term is equal to the coefficient of the x cubed term.

Show that space p equals negative 8 q.

12b
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2 marks

Given further that p q equals negative 8 space find the values of p and q.

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13a
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3 marks

Express fraction numerator 1 minus 7 x over denominator open parentheses x plus 2 close parentheses open parentheses 3 minus x close parentheses end fraction  in the form  fraction numerator A over denominator x plus 2 end fraction plus fraction numerator B over denominator 3 minus x end fraction, where A and B are integers to be found.

13b
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3 marks

Hence, or otherwise, find the binomial expansion of fraction numerator 1 minus 7 x over denominator open parentheses x plus 2 close parentheses open parentheses 3 minus x close parentheses end fraction, in ascending powers of x, up to and including the term in x squared.

13c
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2 marks

The expansion in part (b) is to be used to approximate the value of a fraction.

(i) If x equals 0.1, which fraction is being approximated?

(ii) Which fraction does the approximation give?

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1a
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4 marks

straight f open parentheses x close parentheses equals fraction numerator 50 x squared plus 38 x plus 9 over denominator open parentheses 5 x plus 2 close parentheses squared open parentheses 1 minus 2 x close parentheses end fraction space space space space space x not equal to negative 2 over 5 space space space x not equal to 1 half

Given that straight f open parentheses x close parentheses can be expression in the form

fraction numerator A over denominator 5 x plus 2 end fraction plus B over open parentheses 5 x plus 2 close parentheses squared plus fraction numerator C over denominator 1 minus 2 x end fraction

where A, B and C are constants,

(i) find the value of B and the value of C,

(ii) show that A equals 0.

1b
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7 marks

(i) Use binomial expansions to show that, in ascending powers of x

straight f open parentheses x close parentheses equals p plus q x plus r x squared plus...

where p, q and r are simplified fractions to be found.

(ii) Find the range of values of x for which this expansion is valid.

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2a
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6 marks

Use binomial expansions to show that square root of fraction numerator 1 plus 4 x over denominator 1 minus x end fraction end root almost equal to 1 plus 5 over 2 x minus 5 over 8 x squared.

2b1 mark

A student substitutes x equals 1 half into both sides of the approximation shown in part (a) in an attempt to find an approximation to square root of 6.

Give a reason why the student should not use x equals 1 half.

2c
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3 marks

Substitute x equals 1 over 11 into

square root of fraction numerator 1 plus 4 x over denominator 1 minus x end fraction end root equals 1 plus 5 over 2 x minus 5 over 8 x squared

to obtain an approximation to square root of 6. Give your answer as a fraction in its simplest form.

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3
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2 marks

Find, in ascending powers of x, the binomial expansion of

         1 over open parentheses 1 minus 1 third x close parentheses to the power of 4

up to and including the term in x cubed.

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4a
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3 marks

Use the first three terms, in ascending powers of x, in the binomial expansion of

         fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 1 minus 1 half x end root end fraction

to estimate the value of fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 0.95 end root end fraction, giving your answer to two decimal places.

4b
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1 mark

Explain why you would not be able to use your expansion to approximate fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 3 end fraction.

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5
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3 marks

Find, in ascending powers of x, the binomial expansion of

         1 over open parentheses 3 minus 2 x close parentheses to the power of 4

up to and including the term in x cubed.

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6
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4 marks

Expand left parenthesis 1 minus 1 half x right parenthesis left parenthesis 9 plus 3 x right parenthesis to the power of negative 1 half end exponent up to and including the term in x squared.

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7
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4 marks

In the expansion of   1 over open parentheses 8 plus 2 q x close parentheses to the power of 1 third end exponent,  the coefficient of the term in x squared is one-seventh of the coefficient of the term in x cubed
Find the value of q.

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8
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5 marks

The functions straight f open parentheses x close parentheses and straight g open parentheses x close parentheses are given as follows

               straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals 8 minus x space space space space space space space space space space space space space space straight g left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals 8 plus 2 x     

Find the binomial expansion of   begin mathsize 20px style cube root of begin inline style fraction numerator straight f open parentheses x close parentheses over denominator straight g open parentheses x close parentheses end fraction end style end root end style, in ascending powers of x, up to and including the term in x squared.  Also find the values of x for which your expansion is valid.

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9
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4 marks

In the expansion of  open parentheses 16 minus 2 x close parentheses to the power of n, where n is a real number, the coefficient of the term in x squared is 16 to the power of n cross times 5 over 2048.

Given that vertical line n vertical line less than 1 find the value of n.

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10a
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3 marks

Express  fraction numerator 2 open parentheses 2 minus 5 x plus x squared close parentheses over denominator open parentheses x plus 2 close parentheses open parentheses 2 minus x close parentheses squared end fraction  in partial fractions.

10b
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5 marks

Express fraction numerator 2 open parentheses 2 minus 5 x plus x squared close parentheses over denominator open parentheses x plus 2 close parentheses open parentheses 2 minus x close parentheses squared end fraction  as the first three terms of a binomial expansion in ascending powers of x.

10c
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1 mark

Write down the values of x for which your expansion in part (b) converges.

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11a
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4 marks

Given that x is small such that x cubed and higher powers of x can be ignored show that    

      left parenthesis 4 minus 3 x right parenthesis to the power of negative 2 end exponent left parenthesis 2 minus x right parenthesis to the power of negative 3 end exponent almost equal to 1 over 128 plus 3 over 128 x plus 87 over 2048 x squared

11b
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3 marks

Find the percentage error between your calculator answer and the approximation in part (a) when x equals 0.2, giving your answer to one decimal place.

11c
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2 marks

For which values of x is the approximation in part (a) valid?

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12
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4 marks

It is given that

         straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals square root of 4 plus a x end root        and              straight g left parenthesis x right parenthesis equals fourth root of 16 plus b x end root

The binomial expansions of  straight f left parenthesis x right parenthesis  and  straight g left parenthesis x right parenthesis have the following properties:

(i) The coefficient of the x cubed term in the expansion of straight f open parentheses x close parentheses is 72 times larger than the coefficient of the x squared term in the expansion of straight g open parentheses x close parentheses.

(ii) The coefficient of the x term in the expansion of straight f open parentheses x close parentheses is 24 times larger than the coefficient of the x term in the expansion of straight g open parentheses x close parentheses.

 

Find the values of a and b.

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13a
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5 marks

Find the binomial expansion of fraction numerator 15 over denominator open parentheses x minus 4 close parentheses open parentheses 5 x minus 2 close parentheses to the power of apostrophe end fraction, in ascending powers of x, up to and including the term in x squared.

13b
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2 marks

Explain why the expansion found in part (a) cannot be used when x equals 0.6.

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