Define atmospheric pollution.
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Define atmospheric pollution.
Atmospheric pollution is the contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere.
True or False?
Particulate pollution can lead to health problems such as breathing problems, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer.
True.
Particulate pollution can cause health issues such as respiratory problems, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer.
What is photochemical pollution?
Photochemical pollution is air that contains chemicals such as nitrogen oxide, which react with sunlight to produce chemical compounds like carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, and particulate matter.
True or False?
LDEs and EMEs experience the highest levels of air pollutants.
True.
Data shows that LDEs and EMEs experience the highest levels of air pollutants.
What is particulate pollution?
Particulate pollution is when particles are suspended in the air from sources like volcanic dust, dust storms, sea spray, industrial processes, burning wood and fossil fuels.
What percentage of premature deaths from air pollution occur in LDEs and EMEs?
89% of premature deaths from air pollution occur in LDEs and EMEs.
Define water pollution.
Water pollution is the discharge of waste water from industrial effluent, domestic uses, runoff from roads and agriculture, and leachates from landfills or illegal dumping.
True or False?
Water scarcity and pollution is a minor world environmental problem.
False.
Water scarcity and pollution are major global environmental problems, threatening world food supplies, economic and social development, and creating conflicts between countries.
What is urban dereliction?
Urban dereliction is when economic activity in urban areas declines and buildings are abandoned and run down.
True or False?
Urban dereliction is seen more often in LDE's.
False.
Urban dereliction is seen more often in HDE inner cities, where widespread deindustrialisation has occurred.
What is the second-highest risk factor for noncommunicable diseases?
Air pollution is the second-highest risk factor for noncommunicable diseases.
Name three sectors where policies can be implemented to reduce air pollution.
Three sectors where policies can be implemented to reduce air pollution are transport, industry and energy.
Define anaerobic digestion.
Anaerobic digestion is a process where organic waste is broken down by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen, producing biogas.
What are the four stages of urban waste water treatment?
The four stages of urban waste water treatment are:
Preliminary treatment.
Primary treatment.
Secondary treatment.
Tertiary (advanced) treatment.
What is greywater?
Greywater is domestic wastewater that hasn't been in contact with faecal matter, making it easier to treat and recycle for non-potable uses like flushing toilets or watering gardens.
True or False?
Urban waste water collection, treatment and monitoring are optional in HDEs.
False.
Urban waste water collection, treatment and monitoring are mandatory in HDEs.
Define what a cultural quarter is.
A cultural quarter is an area of a city with a presence of cultural consumption, activity, and production, often linked with attracting tourists and developing a unique 'sense of place'.
What is a mixed development in town centres?
A mixed development in town centres blends residential, commercial, cultural, institutional and entertainment uses in a single area.
True or False?
Building on brownfield sites is usually less expensive than greenfield sites.
False.
Building on brownfield sites is often more expensive because old buildings must be cleared and land made free of pollution.
What is regeneration in the context of urban areas?
Regeneration in urban areas refers to the process of revitalising and improving derelict or run-down parts of cities through various development projects and initiatives.