Embedded Systems (Cambridge (CIE) A Level Computer Science) : Revision Note
Embedded systems
What is an embedded system?
An embedded system is a computer system which is used to perform a dedicated function, inside a larger mechanical unit
Examples of embedded systems include
Heating thermostats
Hospital equipment
Washing machines
Dishwashers
Coffee machines
Satellite navigation systems
Factory equipment
Security systems
Traffic lights
Benefits and drawbacks of embedded systems
Benefits | Drawbacks |
|---|---|
Small and compact – easy to fit into dedicated devices | Limited functionality – only performs specific tasks |
Low power consumption – efficient and cost-effective | Hard to upgrade or repair – often built into the device |
Fast and reliable – designed for quick, repetitive tasks | Limited memory and processing power |
Cheaper to produce – uses minimal hardware | Not flexible – can’t easily be reprogrammed for other tasks |
Works in real-time – ideal for time-sensitive operations (e.g. alarms) | May be less secure – limited protection if connected to other systems |
Worked Example
A car has several features. One feature is a lane detection system. This system monitors the lines on either side of the lane. If the car gets too close to one line, the system automatically moves the car away from the line.
Explain why the lane detection system is an example of an embedded system. [2]
Answer
The lane detection system is built into / integrated into the car [1 mark]
The lane detection system only performs one task [1 mark]
The lane detection system is not easily changed/updated by the car owner [1 mark]
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