The Effect of Temperature on Equilibrium Constants
- We can apply Le Chatelier's Principle to gaseous equilibria in the same way it is applied to aqueous systems
- Here's a reminder of how the principle works
Le Chatelier’s principle
- Le Chatelier’s principle says that if a change is made to a system in dynamic equilibrium, the position of the equilibrium moves to counteract this change
- The principle is used to predict changes to the position of equilibrium when there are changes in temperature, pressure or concentration
Effects of temperature
- How the equilibrium shifts with temperature changes:
Effect on the value of Kc
- For a reaction that is exothermic in the forward direction, increasing the temperature pushes the equilibrium from right to left
- Therefore, the value of Kc will decrease as the ratio of [ products ] to [ reactants ] decreases
- Conversely, if the temperature is raised in an endothermic reaction, the value of Kc will increase
Effect on the value of Kp
- For a reaction that is exothermic in the forward direction, increasing the temperature pushes the equilibrium from right to left
- Therefore, the value of Kp will decrease as the ratio of [ products ] to [ reactants ] decreases
- Conversely, if the temperature is raised in an endothermic reaction, the value of Kp will increase