Homologous Series & Functional Groups
Homologous series
- A homologous series is a group of organic compounds that have the same functional group, but each successive member differs by CH2
Ethanol and propanol belong to the same homologous series
Homologous Series of Alkanes
- Things we can say about a homologous series:
- Each member has the same functional group
- Each member has the same general formula
- Each member has similar chemical properties
- Each successive member differs by -CH2 –
- Members have gradually changing physical properties, for example, boiling point, melting point and density
- As a homologous series is ascended, the size of the molecule increases
- This has an effect on the physical properties, such as boiling point and density
Functional Groups
- Functional groups determine the physical and chemical properties of molecules
- The table below shows a summary of common functional groups found in compounds
- R is any other atom or group of atoms (except for hydrogen)
Functional Groups found in Compounds Table
