Syllabus Edition
First teaching 2023
First exams 2025
Methanoic acid is one of the two reactants used to produce an ester with the molecular formula C5H10O2.
How many isomeric esters, including structural isomers and stereoisomers, could be made with this molecular formula?
3
4
5
6
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The structure of ester E is shown in the diagram below.
E is hydrolysed in the presence of hydrochloric acid.
Which are the products of this hydrolysis?
CH3CO2H and (CH3)2CHCH2CH2CHO
CH3CO2H and (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH
CH3COCl and (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH
CH3CHO and (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH
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The ester in the diagram below has an odour of banana.
Which pair of reactants can be used to produce this ester under suitable conditions?
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Cetyl palmitate is a waxy solid and has the molecular formula C15H31CO2C16H33.
Which products are formed when cetyl palmitate is heated under reflux with an excess of aqueous sodium hydroxide?
C15H31CO2Na and C16H33OH
C15H31CO2Na and C16H33ONa
C15H31OH and C16H33CO2Na
C15H31ONa and C16H33CO2Na
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The diagram shows the structure of ethanedioic acid.
Ethanedioic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of a few drops of concentrated sulfuric acid to form a diester. The molecular formula of the diester is C6H10O4.
What is the structural formula of the diester?
CH3CH2CO2CO2CH2CH3
CH3CH2OCOCO2CH2CH3
CH3CH2O2CO2CCH2CH3
CH3CO2CH2CH2OCOCH3
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Lactic acid is a naturally occurring molecule.
What is a property of lactic acid?
It rapidly decolourises aqueous bromine.
Two molecules can react together in strong acid.
It reduces Fehling’s reagent.
It is insoluble in water.
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How many ester compounds have the molecular formula C4H8O2?
2
3
4
5
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Compound Q has the formula CH3CH2CO2CH3.
What is the name of compound Q and how does its boiling point compare with that of butanoic acid?
|
Name of Q |
Boiling point compared to butanoic acid |
|
|
A B C D |
Methyl propanoate Propyl methanoate Methyl propanoate Propyl methanoate |
Lower Lower Higher Higher |
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In the presence of an H+ catalyst, compound X reacts with ethanoic acid to produce the compound below.
What is the molecular formula of compound X?
C4H8O
C4H8O2
C2H6O2
C2H6O3
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During a lesson, a teacher heated ethyl propanoate under reflux with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The two organic products are then separated, purified and weighed.
Out of the total mass of products obtained, what is the percentage by mass of each product?
50.0 % and 50.0 %
57.7 % and 42.3 %
61.7 % and 38.3 %
67.6 % and 32.4 %
In the presence of an H+ catalyst, compound X reacts with ethanoic acid to produce the compound below.
What is the molecular formula of compound X?
C4H8O
C4H8O2
C2H6O2
C2H6O3
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Use of the Periodic Table is relevant to this question.
During a lesson, a teacher heated ethyl propanoate under reflux with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The two organic products are then separated, purified and weighed.
Out of the total mass of products obtained, what is the percentage by mass of each product?
50.0 % and 50.0 %
57.7 % and 42.3 %
61.7 % and 38.3 %
67.6 % and 32.4 %
30 g of an alcohol and 30 g of a carboxylic acid are heated under reflux together to produce 33 g of propyl butanoate.
What is the yield of the ester?
25 %
38 %
50 %
66 %
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