Methanoic acid reacts with propanol in the presence of a small amount of concentrated sulphuric acid.
What is the correct name for the ester formed?
Methyl propyl sulfate
Methyl propanoate
Propyl ethanoate
Propyl methanoate
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What is the correct general formula for an acyl chloride?
CnH2n+1COCl
CnH2n-1COCl
CnH2nCOCl
CnHn+1COCl
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Propanoic acid dissociates according to the following equation.
CH3CH2COOH (aq) ⇌ CH3CH2COO- (aq) + H+ (aq)
Which statement about propanoic acid is correct?
The equilibrium for the dissociation of propanoic acid lies to the right
Propanoic acid is a strong acid
Propanoic acid undergoes partial ionisation
The H+ ions released cause propanoic acid to have a high pH
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Esters can be hydrolysed under acidic or alkaline conditions.
Which statement about the hydrolysis of esters is correct?
The alkaline hydrolysis of an ester is a reversible reaction
The acid hydrolysis of an ester uses sodium hydroxide under reflux
The alkaline hydrolysis of an ester produces the parent carboxylic acid and alcohol
The acid hydrolysis of an ester does not go to completion
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Organic reactions can be completed by the use of acyl chlorides or acid anhydrides instead of carboxylic acids.
Which reason about the use of acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides is correct?
Acyl chlorides are safer and quicker to use than acid anhydrides
Acid anhydrides are less reactive than acyl chlorides
Acid anhydrides produce strong, corrosive acids as a byproduct of the reaction
Acyl chlorides are less expensive than acid anhydrides
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The natural bacterial fermentation of milk produces a compound called propanoic acid.
Propanoic acid is partly responsible for the flavour of Swiss cheese. Its structure is shown below:
Which starting materials could be used to produce propanoic acid?
| CH3CH2CN | CH3CH2CHO | CH3CH2CH2OH |
A | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
B | ✓ | ✓ | x |
C | x | ✓ | ✓ |
D | ✓ | x | x |
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The structure of the analgesic ibuprofen is shown below:
Which of the following is not a correct statement about ibuprofen?
It will react with alcohols to produce an ester
It will react with lithium aluminium hydride to produce an alcohol
It will react with sodium carbonate solution
It has geometric isomers
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The structure of ester E is shown in the diagram below.
E is hydrolysed in the presence of hydrochloric acid.
Which are the products of this hydrolysis?
CH3CO2H and (CH3)2CHCH2CH2CHO
CH3CO2H and (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH
CH3COCl and (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH
CH3CHO and (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH
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The molecule CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3 is used as a pineapple flavouring in sweets.
Which statements about this molecule are correct?
| When heated with NaOH(aq), the products are butan-1-ol and sodium ethanoate | The name of this compound is ethyl butanoate | This compound is a structural isomer of hexanoic acid |
A | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
B | ✓ | ✓ | x |
C | x | ✓ | ✓ |
D | ✓ | x | x |
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Lactic acid is a naturally occurring molecule.
Which statement is true about lactic acid?
It rapidly decolourises aqueous bromine
Two molecules can react together in strong acid conditions
It reduces Fehling’s reagent
It is insoluble in water
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The structure of Vitamin B6 is shown below:
Which one of the following is not a correct statement?
It produces a silver mirror with Tollens’ reagent
It is unsaturated
It has 6 peaks in the 13C NMR spectrum
It can be oxidised to a carboxylic acid
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Which of the following pairs react together to produce CH3CH2CH2COOCH(CH3)2?
Propanoyl chloride and propan-2-ol
Propanoyl chloride and butan-2-ol
Butanoyl chloride and propan-1-ol
Butanoyl chloride and propan-2-ol
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Biodiesel can be manufactured from triglyceride oils with which reagent and catalyst?
| Reagent | Catalyst |
A | HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH | NaOH |
B | H2O | H2SO4 |
C | CH3OH | H2SO4 |
D | CH3CH2OH | NaOH |
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The acylation of primary amines can be represented in the following equation:
RCOCl + RNH2 → RCONHR + HCl
Which combination of acyl chloride and amine produces an amide that gives four peaks in an 1H NMR spectrum with peaks splitting as doublet, triplet and two quartets?
CH3CH2COCl + CH3NH2
CH3COCl + CH3CH2NH2
CH3CH2CH2COCl + CH3NH2
CH3CH2COCl + CH3CH2NH2
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Squaric acid is used in the treatment of warts. Its structure is shown below:
Which of the following statements is not true about squaric acid?
It reacts with bromine water to produce C4H2O4Br2
The conjugate base of squaric acid is C4HO4-
The bond angles found in the molecule are 90o and 120o
Squaric acid can form a bidentate ligand
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