A LevelChemistryAQAExam Questions4. AS Practical Skills4.2 Organic & Inorganic Chemistry Practicals

Organic & Inorganic Chemistry Practicals (AQA A Level Chemistry)

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4.2 Organic & Inorganic Chemistry Practicals

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4.2 Organic & Inorganic Chemistry Practicals

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11 mark

Which reaction will distinguish between a primary and a secondary alcohol?

  • Warming with silver nitrate solution

  • Warming with acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution

  • Dehydration, followed by reaction with Br2(aq)

  • Oxidation, followed by reaction with Fehling’s (or Tollens’) reagent

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21 mark

A compound C has the following properties:

  • liquid at room temperature
  • soluble in water
  • reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide

What could compound C be?

  • Propene

  • Propanol

  • Propanoic acid

  • Propyl propanoate

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31 mark

A student adds a few drops of dilute nitric acid followed by a few drops of silver nitrate solution to a test tube containing an unknown colourless solution. A white precipitate is seen.

What ions could be present in the colourless solution?

  • Ammonium ions

  • Chloride ions

  • Sulfate ions

  • Magnesium ions

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41 mark

A solution of ammonium sulfate is warmed in a test tube with a few drops of sodium hydroxide solution. A piece of damp red litmus paper is held near the mouth of the test tube.

 

Which of the following statements is true?

  • The litmus paper will turn blue

  • The litmus paper will remain red

  • The gas given off is sulfur dioxide

  • The gas given off is colourless and odourless

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51 mark

An aqueous cation from Group 2 is first tested with sodium hydroxide solution and then with dilute sulfuric acid. 

Test

Result

Addition of sodium hydroxide

No reaction

Addition of sulfuric acid

White precipitate

Which cation could be present?

  • Magnesium

  • Barium

  • Calcium

  • Strontium

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61 mark

Which of these anions produces a yellow precipitate when treated with acidified silver nitrate solution?

  • F-

  • Ct

  • Br

  • I-

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71 mark

Some standard laboratory equipment is shown below

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What reaction could this apparatus be used for?

  • Preparing a carboxylic acid

  • Cracking an alkane

  • Oxidising an alcohol

  • Halogenation of an alkene

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81 mark

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Some standard laboratory equipment is shown below, but the labels are missing.

The purpose of the part labelled X is 

  • To check the boiling point of the reaction mixture

  • To separate the distillate from the reaction mixture

  • To check the purity of the distillate

  • To prevent gases from escaping

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91 mark

Citronellol is a flavour molecule found in lemon grass, a popular ingredient in Asian cooking.

9th

Which of the following tests would give a positive result with citronellol?



  • Addition of bromine water

    Warm with Fehling’s solution

    Warm with acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution

  • Addition of bromine water

    Warm with acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution

  • Addition of bromine water

    Warm with Fehling’s solution

  • Warm with Fehling’s solution

    Warm with acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution

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101 mark

Ibuprofen is a common analgesic used to reduce fever, inflammation and pain.
The chemical structure is shown below.

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Which reagent could be used to identify a functional group in ibuprofen?

  • Sodium carbonate solution

  • Bromine water

  • Acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution

  • Tollens’ reagent

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11 mark

Samples of barium and calcium are added separately to beakers of cold water which contain a few drops of litmus solution.

Which observations will be made with the calcium and with the barium?

  • A gas is evolved

    The solution turns blue

  • A white suspension appears in the water

    The solution turns blue

  • A gas is evolved

    A white suspension appears in the water

  • A gas is evolved

    A white suspension appears in the water

    The solution turns blue

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21 mark

X is a Group II metal. It forms a hydroxide which is more soluble than calcium hydroxide. It forms a sulfate which is more soluble than barium sulfate.

  • strontium

  • strontium

    beryllium

  • beryllium

    magnesium

  • strontium

    beryllium

    magnesium

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31 mark

What happens when a piece of strontium is placed in cold water?

  • bubbles of gas form slowly on the strontium

  • a vigorous effervescence occurs

  • the strontium floats on the surface of the water and reacts quickly

  • the strontium burns with a bright white flame, and a white solid is produced

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41 mark

What happens when iodine is bubbled through aqueous potassium bromide?

  • iodine is oxidised to iodide ions

  • potassium bromide is reduced to bromine

  • no reaction occurs

  • bromide ions are oxidised to bromine

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51 mark

A halogenoalkane is heated with aqueous sodium hydroxide and ethanol. The solution is then acidified with dilute nitric acid and silver nitrate solution is added. A cream coloured precipitate is seen.

Which halogenoalkane could be present?

  • CH3F

  • CH3Cl

  • CH3Br

  • CH3I

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61 mark

Which reagent could detect the presence of butan-1-ol ?

  • Tollens’ reagent

  • Br2 (aq)

  • K2CrO7 (aq)

  • Fehling’s reagent

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71 mark

Which statement is correct about recrystallisation in the preparation of an organic solid?

  • The organic solid must be insoluble in the hot solvent

  • The impurities remain dissolved in the solvent after cooling

  • The yield of the product is increased

  • The melting point of the solid is lowered after recrystallisation

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81 mark

Lactic acid occurs naturally, for example in sour milk.

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What is a property of lactic acid?

  • it decolourises aqueous bromine rapidly

  • it is insoluble in water

  • it reduces Fehling’s reagent

  • it reacts with sodium carbonate

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91 mark

Three elements from Period 3 are reacted with oxygen and the resulting oxides are added to water and tested with universal indicator paper.

Which row shows the correct observations?

  • sodium  forms a white solid sparingly soluble pH 8

    magnesium forms a white solid dissolves in water pH 12

    sulfur forms a steamy gas very soluble pH 2

  • sodium  forms a white solid dissolves in water pH 12

    magnesium forms a white solid sparingly soluble pH 8

    sulfur forms a steamy gas very soluble pH 2

  • sodium  forms a white solid dissolves in water pH 12

    magnesium  forms a white solid sparingly soluble pH 8

    sulfur forms a yellow solid insoluble pH 7

  • sodium forms a white solid sparingly soluble pH 8

    magnesium forms a white solid insoluble pH 7

    sulfur forms a yellow solid insoluble pH 7

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101 mark

Which of these anions forms a white precipitate when tested with acidified silver nitrate solution?

  • CO32-

  • SO42-

  • OH-

  • Cl-

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11 mark

The apparatus below shows an organic synthesis reaction.

4-2--hard-q-no-1

Which processes could be performed using the above apparatus?

  • Dehydration of C2H5OH

    Oxidation of C2H5OH

    Cracking of paraffin

  • Dehydration of C2H5OH

    Oxidation of C2H5OH

  • Dehydration of C2H5OH

    Cracking of paraffin

  • Dehydration of C2H5OH

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21 mark

Oxaloacetic acid can be synthesised from fumaric acid in a two-step process involving the intermediate Z.

                                   step 1              step 2

HO2CCH=CHCO2H   →                Z       →             HO2CCOCH2CO2H

      fumaric acid                                                  oxaloacetic acid

Each step involved can be achieved in the laboratory by a single reagent. 

What could be the intermediate Z and the reagent for step 2?

  •                 Z                                              Reagent

    HO2CCH(OH)CH2CO2H               Fehling’s solution

  •              Z                                    Reagent

    HO2CCH(OH)CH2CO2H     warm acidified K2Cr2O7

  •                     Z                          Reagent

    HO2CCHBrCH2CO2H     warm acidified KMnO4

  •                         Z                            Reagent

     HO2CCHBrCH(OH)CO2H      warm NaOH(aq)

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31 mark

Mohr’s salt is a green crystalline double salt containing three ions: two cations and one anion. One of the cations is iron(II).

Qualitative analysis of an aqueous solution of the salt gave the following results:

Test 

         Result

Addition of H2SO4 (aq)

              No change observed

Addition of BaCl2  (aq)

              White precipitate

Warm with NaOH(aq)        

              Pungent fishy smell

The identity of Mohr’s salt could be:

  • NH4Fe(SO4)2.12H2O

  • (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2.6H2O

  • Fe(NH4)2(CO3)2

  • (NH4)2FeCl4.2H2O

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41 mark

Three chemical reagent bottles have lost their labels, but are thought to contain dilute sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide solution and silver nitrate solution.

A student tests the three unknown solutions with solutions of barium chloride and magnesium nitrate and records any precipitates formed in a table.

                   

                  BaCbold italic l2                                 

      Mg(NO3)2                  

H2SO4

    

NaOH

    

AgNO3

    

The number of white precipitates in this table will be

  • 2

  • 3

  • 4

  • 5

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51 mark

Concentrated sulfuric acid is added in turn to three white inorganic salts, X, Y and Z.

The following observations were made:

    Salt            

                                   Observations    

      X

                     Black solid, steamy fumes, bad egg smell

      Y

               Steamy colourless fumes and a white solid product    

      Z

                    Steamy brown fumes and white solid product

What are the identities of the white inorganic salts, X, Y and Z?

  •           X                   Y                  Z

       NaHSO4         Na2SO4         NaCl

  •        X              Y              Z

           KI           KBr           KCl  

  •          X               Y               Z

           NaI           NaCl         NaBr  

  •         X             Y              Z

          NaBr        NaI          NaCl

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61 mark

The following apparatus can be used in the laboratory to prepare organic substances.

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Which of the following reactions can be carried out using the apparatus shown?

  • C6H12O6 → C2H5OH

  • C3H7OH → C3H7Br

  • C3H6 → C3H7Br2

  • C3H7OH → C2H5COOH

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71 mark

Cyclohexene can be prepared in the laboratory by distilling cyclohexanol with concentrated phosphoric acid.

The boiling points of water, cyclohexanol and cyclohexene are 100 oC, 162 oC and 

83 oC respectively.

Which of the following statements is correct?

  • The concentrated phosphoric acid acts as an oxidising agent

  • Cyclohexanol is soluble in water

  • A separating funnel is needed to isolate the product

  • The distillate only contains organic liquids

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81 mark

An organic compound, X, is tested with acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution and Fehling’s solution and the result is recorded:

Test

Result

   Acidified potassium dichromate(VI)  solution

       Orange colour turns green

   Warm with Fehling’s solution

   Blue colour turns to red precipitate

From this information, which statement about X cannot be correct?

  • X could contain a primary alcohol, a secondary alcohol and an aldehyde

  • X could contain only an aldehyde

  • X could be glucose

  • X would give no result with Tollens’ reagent

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91 mark

Cinnamaldehyde is a pale yellow, oily liquid that occurs in the bark of cinnamon trees and gives the spice its distinctive flavour. 

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Which of the following statements about cinnamaldehyde is correct?

  • When tested with Fehling’s solution, the organic product is C6H5CH=CHCOOH

  • When tested with Fehling’s solution, the organic product is C6H5CH=CHCH2OH

  • Addition of bromine water produces an E-isomer

  • When tested with acidified potassium dichromate(VI) the colour changes from green to orange

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101 mark

The fractional distillation of a crude oil substitute can be carried out in the laboratory using the apparatus shown. A crude oil substitute is used as a safer alternative to crude oil which contains carcinogens.

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Which of the following statements about the experiment is correct?

  • The apparatus should include a Liebig condenser

  • The apparatus has been clamped incorrectly and should be vertical

  • The distillate contains only alkanes

  • A 0 - 300 oC thermometer should be used in the experiment

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