Group 2, the Alkaline Earth Metals (AQA A Level Chemistry)

In agriculture, lime can be added to damp soil to change the pH.

An ammonium sulfate fertiliser can then be added to the soil, which will result in a chemical reaction.

Which substances are formed in this reaction?

Which one of the following statements is true as you move down Group 2?

Which Group 2 metal is used to produce titanium by the reduction of titanium (IV) chloride, TiCl₄?

Which statement is not correct?

A laboratory technician discovered an unlabelled bottle containing a pure white solid.

After dissolving the solid in water, tests were completed on the unknown solid and it was identified as barium chloride.

What are the correct observations for the chemical reactions of the barium chloride solution?

Which statement about the general trend in melting points for the Group 2 metals is correct?

The Group 2 oxides all produce alkaline solutions when added to water.

Which Group 2 oxide produces a saturated solution with the highest pH?

Lime mortar is made by mixing quicklime with water and sand. Over time, lime mortar hardens in air. 

Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with both fresh and old lime mortar. Only old lime mortar will produce effervescence

Which reaction shows the change over time for the formation of old lime mortar from fresh lime mortar?

Barium chloride solution was added to a solution of calcium sulfate until no more precipitate formed. The mixture was filtered.

Which ions are in the filtrate?

Which is the correct use of a Group 2 compound?

When equal volumes of saturated solutions of barium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide are mixed, a white precipitate, Y, forms.

The mixture is filtered, and carbon dioxide is bubbled through the filtrate, producing a second white precipitate, Z.

What are Y and Z?

A student performed experiments on chemicals containing an unknown alkaline earth metal, M.

The student’s results and observations are shown.

What is the identity of the unknown alkaline earth metal, M?

The first ionisation energies and reactions with oxygen for magnesium and barium are compared below.

Which set of statements, comparing magnesium and barium, are correct?

A laboratory technician discovered three unlabelled bottles, each containing one pure white solid. The bottles were known to contain different Group 2 metal salts.

Tests were completed on all three unknown solids or, if the compound was soluble, on the aqueous solution. The results are shown in the table.

What are compounds 1, 2 and 3?

The salts of Group 2 metals have a variety of real world applications.

Which row contains the correct identities of Group 2 elements and compounds for the applications?

Why does the melting point of the Group 2 metals decrease as you move down the group?

Which graph correctly shows the melting points of Group 2 metals?

Which statement is not correct?

Magnesium can react with water.

With cold water, bubbles of gas form on the surface of the magnesium ribbon. A white protective layer slowly forms on the surface of the magnesium and stops it reacting.

What is the correct equation for the reaction of magnesium with water vapour?

Barium chloride solution was acidified with nitric acid. The acidified barium chloride solution was added to a solution of magnesium sulfate. When no more precipitate formed, the mixture was filtered.

Where is each ion after filtration of the completed reaction?