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Periodicity (AQA A Level Chemistry): Exam Questions

Exam code: 7405

3 hours45 questions

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Periodicity

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11 mark

Sodium sulfide, Na2S, is a reactive yellow solid, produced when sodium and sulfur react together.

How does the ionic radius of sodium compare with that of sulfur?

  • The ions have the same ionic radii

  • The atoms have the same atomic radii

  • Sodium < sulfur

  • Sodium > sulfur

Choose your answer

21 mark

The trends in three physical properties of the elements of Period 3 are shown in the graphs below.

UX5_lMDK_16
V-nM-xW0_17
18

Which physical property is not illustrated?

  • first ionisation energy

  • atomic radius

  • melting point

  • electrical conductivity

Choose your answer

31 mark

What is the correct classification for the element zirconium, Zr?

  • s block

  • d block

  • f block

  • p block

Choose your answer

41 mark

Which Period 3 element has the highest melting point?

  • Sulfur

  • Argon

  • Silicon

  • Aluminium

Choose your answer

51 mark

What is the correct equation for the second ionisation energy of rubidium, Rb?

  • Rb+ (g) → Rb2+ (g) + e-

  • Rb (g) → Rb+ (g) + e-

  • Rb2+ (g) → Rb3+ (g) + e-

  • Rb2+ (g) + e- → Rb+ (g)

Choose your answer

61 mark

Which statement is not correct for Group 2 metals?

  • An unpaired electron is present in the s orbital

  • Chemical reactivity increases with increasing atomic number

  • The first ionisation energy decreases with increasing atomic number

  • Atomic radius increases with increasing atomic number

Choose your answer

71 mark

Which Period 2 element from sodium to silicon, has the largest atomic radius?

  • magnesium

  • sodium

  • silicon

  • aluminium

Choose your answer

81 mark

The trend in melting points of some Period 3 elements can be represented as:

S8 > P4 > Cl2

What intermolecular force explains this trend in melting points?

  • permanent dipole-dipole

  • covalent bonding

  • hydrogen bonding

  • van der Waals

Choose your answer

91 mark

Why does aluminium have a higher melting point than magnesium?

  • aluminium has its valence electron in the p orbital

  • lower charge on the cation and increasing number of delocalised electrons

  • higher charge on the cation and increasing number of delocalised electrons

  • higher charge on the cation and increasing number of localised electrons

Choose your answer

101 mark

Why is the second ionisation energy of magnesium higher than the first ionisation energy?

  • less shielding

  • ionic radius increases

  • nuclear charge is increasing

  • greater attraction between positive nucleus and outer electron

Choose your answer

11 mark

What is the correct order of the decreasing melting points of these period 3 chlorides shown?

 

highest melting point     rightwards arrow     lowest melting point

A

SiCl4

PCl3

NaCl

MgCl2

B

MgCl2

NaCl

SiCl4

PCl3

C

NaCl

MgCl2

PCl3

SiCl4

D

NaCl

MgCl2

SiCl4

PCl3

    Choose your answer

    21 mark

    Consecutive elements X, Y and Z, are in the third period of the periodic table. Element Y has the highest first ionisation energy and the lowest melting point of these three elements.

    What could be the identities of X, Y and Z?

    • silicon, phosphorus, sulfur

    • sodium, magnesium, aluminium

    • aluminium, silicon, phosphorus

    • magnesium, aluminium, silicon

    Choose your answer

    31 mark

    Which graph correctly shows the relative melting points of period 3 elements plotted against their relative electronegativities?

    • FsovnU2-_19
    • Xwi40r6c_20
    • _7rqM5eI_21
    • rFwEzgq-_22

    Choose your answer

    41 mark

    Period 3 elements Q and R react together to form compound S.

    Element Q has the second smallest atomic radius in period 3.

    Apart from argon, there is only one element in period 3 which has a lower melting point than element R.

    Which compound could be S?

    • Li2S

    • CaS

    • PCl3

    • MgCl2

    Choose your answer

    51 mark

    Period 3 elements can react with chlorine to produce the following chlorides:

    MgCl2       AlCl3      SiCl4      PCl3      SCl2

    Period 3 elements also react with oxygen to produce oxides.

    Which of the elements have a higher oxidation state in their oxides than in the above chlorides?

    • P and S

    • Mg, P and S

    • Mg and P

    • Mg, Al, Si, P and S

    Choose your answer

    61 mark

    The second ionisation energy of calcium is 1145 kJ mol-1.

    Which equation correctly represents this statement?

    • Ca+(g) → Ca2+(g) + e-          ΔH = -1145 kJ mol-1

    • Ca(g) → Ca2+(g) + 2e-          ΔH = +1145 kJ mol-1

    • Ca+(g) → Ca2+(g) + e-         ΔH  = +1145 kJ mol-1

    • Ca(g) → Ca+(g) + e-            ΔH = -1145 kJ mol-1

    Choose your answer

    71 mark

    The first six ionisation energies of an element in period 3 are shown below.

     

    1st

    2nd

    3rd

    4th

    5th

    6th

    Ionisation energy kJ mol-1

    787

    1577

    3232

    4356

    16 091

    19 805

    What is the identity of the period 3 element?

    • Chlorine

    • Phosphorus

    • Carbon

    • Silicon

    Choose your answer

    81 mark

    An element in the d block of the periodic table forms a +4 ion and has the electron configuration of [Ar] 3d1.

    What is the identity of the element?

    • Chromium

    • Copper

    • Vanadium

    • Silicon

    Choose your answer

    91 mark

    Electron configurations for atoms of different elements are shown below.

    Which electron configuration represents the element with the largest first ionisation energy?

    • 1s22s22p63s2

    • 1s22s22p63s23p4

    • 1s22s22p63s23p6

    • 1s22s22p63s23p64s2

    Choose your answer

    101 mark

    How are the elements ordered in the periodic table?

    • By atomic number

    • According to relative atomic mass 

    • By reactivity

    • In order of electronegativity

    Choose your answer

    11 mark

    Which of these elements has the third lowest first ionisation energy in its period and the third smallest atomic radius in its group?

    • Magnesium

    • Gallium

    • Potassium

    • Calcium

    Choose your answer

    21 mark

    The graph shows the first ionisation energies of four consecutive elements. 

    One of the elements reacts with hydrogen to form a covalent compound with formula HX. 

    Which element could be X?

    UHSpCDqM_24

      Choose your answer

      31 mark

      The successive ionisation energies for element R are shown.

       

      1st

      2nd

      3rd

      4th

      5th

      6th

      Ionisation energy / kJ mol-1

      950

      1800

      2700

      4800

      6000

      12 300

      What is the oxidation state of element R when bonded to chlorine?

      • +1

      • +2

      • +3

      • +4

      Choose your answer

      41 mark

      Element Q reacts with sulfur. The first five successive ionisation energies for element Q are shown.

       

      1st

      2nd

      3rd

      4th

      5th

      Ionisation energy value / kJ mol−1

      738

      1450

      7733

      10543

      13630

      What is the formula of the compound when element Q reacts with sulfur?

      • QS

      • QS3

      • Q3S

      • Q2S

      Choose your answer

      51 mark

      The species Cl -, K+ and Ar are isoelectronic. This means that they have the same number of electrons.

      In which order do their radii decrease?

       

      largest     rightwards arrow     smallest

      A

      K+

      Cl -

      Ar

      B

      Cl -

      Ar

      K+

      C

      K+

      Ar

      Cl -

      D

      Ar

      K+

      Cl -

        Choose your answer

        61 mark

        Which statement about energy levels and electrons is correct?

        • 18 is the maximum number of electrons in the 4th energy level

        • 10 is the maximum number of electrons in one d orbital

        • Yttrium is the first element with an electron in an f subshell

        • In a main energy level, the subshell with the highest energy is f

        Choose your answer

        71 mark

        How many electrons are removed from 2.02 × 10−2 g of Ne (g) atoms to form Ne+ (g) ions?

        • 2.46 x 1023

        • 1.22 × 1022

        • 6.02 × 1020

        • 1.22 × 1021

        Choose your answer

        81 mark

        Which of the following pairs does the second element have a higher 1st ionisation energy than the first element?

         

        First element

        Second element

        A

        Mg

        Al

        B

        N

        O

        C

        Ne

        Na

        D

        K

        Na

          Choose your answer

          91 mark

          Element J has a lower first ionisation energy and higher melting point than the element preceding it in the periodic table. 

          Its ion is isoelectronic with argon. 

          What is the identity of element J?

          • Na

          • S

          • P

          • Al

          Choose your answer

          101 mark

          The successive ionisation energies for element X are shown.

          Ionisation 

          Ionisation energy / kJ mol-1

          1st

          578

          2nd

          1817

          3rd

          2745

          4th

          11 577

          5th

          14 842

          6th

          18 379

          What is the electron configuration for element X?

          • [Ne] 3s1

          • [Ne] 3s13p2

          • [Ne] 3s23p1

          • [Ne] 3s23p2

          Choose your answer