The cells of individuals with type II diabetes exhibit low sensitivity to the protein insulin. Roughly 76% of people with type II diabetes are classed as obese or overweight. Some obese individuals are offered gastric bypass surgery by the NHS to aid weight loss.
Researchers investigated whether gastric bypass surgery affected cells' insulin sensitivity. The individual's sensitivity to insulin was measured both before and after gastric bypass surgery. Individuals getting the surgery fell into three groups, they either had type II diabetes, were prediabetic or had no diabetes.
Table 1 below shows the results. The larger the number, the greater the sensitivity to insulin.
Table 1
Individuals receiving the surgery
|
Mean sensitivity to insulin (± SD)
|
Before surgery
|
1 month post surgery
|
Group 1
|
0.55 (± 0.32)
|
1.30 (± 0.88)
|
Group 2
|
1.07 (± 0.29)
|
1.39 (± 0.58)
|
Type II Diabetics
|
0.40 (± 0.24)
|
1.10 (± 0.87)
|
Use the data in Table 1 to suggest which groups were prediabetic and non-diabetic. Explain your answer.